Reproduction
Apomixis
Apomixis me plant bina fertilisation ke seeds banata hai — embryo unfertilised ya nucellar cell se banta hai, to seed maa ka clone hota hai.
Kuch grasses, Asteraceae, Citrus aur Mango me embryo ek diploid egg (jo reduction skip kar gaya) ya aas-paas ki nucellar cells se banta hai. Ek Citrus seed me kai aise embryos ho sakte hain (polyembryony).
Kyunki gametes fuse nahi hote, seed me maa ka exact genotype hota hai — isiliye apomixis hybrid vigour ko 'lock' kar sakta hai, jisse farmers hybrid seed dobaara use kar sakte hain bina uske toote.
Yahaan students galti karte hain
Apomixis ko parthenocarpy se confuse mat karo. Apomixis = seed (embryo) bina fertilisation; parthenocarpy = fruit bina fertilisation (aksar seedless). Alag structures.
Ek quick check
Apomixis agriculture me kyun useful hai?
- AGenetic variation badhata hai
- BHybrid vigour ko generations tak stable rakhta hai
- CSeedless fruit deta hai
- DDo parents chahiye