Motion in a Straight Line
Acceleration
Acceleration ye batata hai ki velocity har second kitni tezi se badalti hai. Speed badhna, kam hona, aur mudna bhi, sab count hote hain, kyunki velocity me direction bhi hoti hai.
Acceleration velocity ke change ko time se divide karke milta hai: a = Δv ÷ Δt. Iska unit metre per second squared (m/s²) hai. Ek car jo 5 second me 0 se 20 m/s tak jaati hai, uska acceleration 20 ÷ 5 = 4 m/s² hai, matlab velocity har second 4 m/s badhti hai.
Velocity ek vector hai: ismein size aur direction dono hain. Isliye acceleration tab hota hai jab in me se koi bhi ek badle. Slow hona bhi acceleration hai (motion ke opposite). Constant speed par mudna bhi acceleration hai, kyunki direction, aur isliye velocity, badal rahi hai.
Yahaan students galti karte hain
Aam galti ye hai ki acceleration ka matlab sirf speed badhna samajhna. Aisa nahi. Brake lagaati car accelerate kar rahi hai (negative, motion ke opposite). Steady speed par mod par ghoomti car bhi accelerate kar rahi hai, kyunki uski direction badal rahi hai. Velocity me koi bhi change acceleration hai.
Yaad rakho
Velocity me koi bhi change, speed ya direction me, acceleration hai.
Exam me kaise kaam aata hai: uniform circular motion dhyaan se dekho: constant speed par bhi constant acceleration centre ki taraf. Aur sign padho, negative acceleration matlab slow hona, zero acceleration nahi.
Ye kahaan jud'ta hai
Acceleration motion aur uski wajah ke beech ka pul hai. Jaise hi tum poochhte ho ki kisi cheez ko accelerate kaun karta hai, tum force par aa jaate ho: Newton's second law kehta hai a = F ÷ m. Motion graphs aur force problems ek hi idea ke do pehlu hain.
Ek quick check
Ek car circular track par constant 10 m/s speed se chalti hai. Kya wo accelerate kar rahi hai?
- ANahi, kyunki speed constant hai
- BHaan, kyunki uski direction badalti rehti hai
- CSirf tab jab speed badhe
- DSirf shuru me